Influence of oxygen and substrate temperature on the electrical properties of ZnO thin films deposited by ion-beam sputtering
Makagonov V.A.
1, Gabriels K. S.
1, Kalinin Yu. E.
1, Lopatin A. Yu.
1, Okorochkov V.A.
11Voronezh State Technical University, Voronezh, Russia
Email: vlad_makagonov@mail.ru, gabriels_k@mail.ru, kalinin48@mail.ru, lopatin-ayu@mail.ru, yamborghine@gmail.com
The influence of the reactive gas (oxygen) partial pressure in the deposition chamber and the substrate temperature on the electrical conductivity, charge carrier mobility, and thermoelectric power of zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films obtained by ion-beam sputtering has been studied. The synthesized films are nanocrystalline and are characterized by a wurtzite hexagonal crystal lattice and a texture with a predominant <0001> axis perpendicular to the film plane. Electron microscopic analysis confirmed the formation of a nanocrystalline structure with a characteristic growth texture. It has been established that the dominant charge transport mechanism in the studied samples is variable-range hopping conduction through localized states near the Fermi level, as confirmed by the linearity of the ln(ρ/ρo)(T-1/4) and S(T1/2) dependences, as well as by the low values of the density of localized states at the Fermi level g(EF)~1017 eV-1·cm-3. Estimates of the main model parameters of the studied films were carried out: the characteristic temperature B, the density of states at the Fermi level g(EF), the hopping length, and the localization radius. It was found that an increase in the oxygen partial pressure in the gas mixture leads to a decrease in g(EF), while an increase in the substrate temperature promotes the growth of the density of electronic states. Keywords: zinc oxide, electrical properties, thermoelectric power, density of electronic states.
- R. Ismail, M.T. Ahmadi, S. Anwar. Advanced Nanoelectronics. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL (2013). 456 p
- Q. Zhang, F. Li, X. Chang, D. He. Mater. Manuf. Process. 29, 789 (2014)
- L.V. Grigoriev, A.A. Semenov, A.V. Mikhailov. FTP 55, 12, 1180 (2021) (in Russian)
- D. Tainoff, B. Masenelli, O. Boisron, G. Guiraud, P. Melinon. J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 33, 12623 (2008)
- K. Ellmer. Transparent Conductive Zinc Oxide and Its Derivatives. Springer, N.-Y. (2010). P. 193
- N.V. Lyanguzov. Sintez nanostruktur na osnove oksida cinka i ih fizicheskie svojstva: avtoref. kand. diss. (Rostov on Don (2014) (in Russian)
- O.A. Novodvorsky, L.S. Gorbatenko, V.Ya. Panchenko, O.D. Khramova, E.A. Cherebylo, K. Ventsel, J.V. Barta, V.T. Bublik, K.D. Shcherbachev. FTP 43, 4, 439 (2009) (in Russian)
- N.A. Lashkova, A.I. Maksimov, A.A. Ryabko, A.A. Bobkov, V.A. Moshnikov, E.I. Terukov. FTP 50, 9, 1276 (2016) (in Russian)
- S.I. Rembeza, N.N. Kosheleva, E.S. Rembeza, T.V. Svistova, A.A. Vinokurov. Lett. Mater. 10, 4, 469 (2020)
- S.I. Rembeza, E.S. Rembeza, T.V. Svistova, N.N. Kosheleva. Sintez i svojstva metallooksidnyh plenok: monografiya. VGTU, Voronezh, (2017) (in Russian)
- Y. W.Heo, D.P. Norton, S.J. Pearton. J. Appl. Phys. 98, 073502 (2005)
- S. Besleaga, G.E. Stan, A.C. Galka, L. Ion, S. Antohe. Appl. Surf. Sci. 258, 22, 8819 (2012)
- V.S. Burakov, N.V. Tarasenko, E.A. Nevar, M.I. Nedelko. ZhTF 81, 2, 89 (2011) (in Russian)
- J.L. Zhao, X.M. Li, J.M. Bian. J. Cryst. Growth 276, 507 (2005)
- D. Fang, K. Lin, T. Xue, C. Cui. J. Alloys Compd. 589, 346 (2014)
- D. Kim, H. Kim, I. Yun. Curr. Appl. Phys. 10, 3, 459 (2010)
- A.E. Muslimov, M.Kh. Rabadanov, A.M. Ismailov. Prikl fiz. 3, 72 (2017) (in Russian)
- A.R. Yusupov, A.N. Lachinov, L.R. Kalimullina, R.M. Gadiev, D.V. Nikitina. FTT 61, 3, 585 (2019) (in Russian)
- V.A. Nurmukhamedov, I.A. Chernyshov. Aktual'nye problemy gumanitarnykh i estestvennykh nauk 10-1, 125 (2015) (in Russian)
- S.A. Gridnev, Yu.E. Kalinin, A.V. Sitnikov, O.V. Stogney. Nelinejnye yavleniya v nano- i mikro-geterogennykh sistemakh. Binom. Laboratoriya znanij, M. (2012). p. 352 (in Russian)
- V.V. Rylkov, S.N. Nikolaev, K.Yu. Chernoglazov, V.A. Demin, M.Yu. Presnyakov. Phys. Rev. B 95, 144202 (2017)
- Yu.E. Kalinin, A.V. Sitnikov, V.A. Makagonov, V.A. Foshin, M.N. Volochaev. FTT 66, 11, 1941 (2024) (in Russian)
- V.A. Yuryev, A.G. Chuiko, Yu.E. Kalinin, A.A. Grebennikov, M.A. Kashirin. Neorg. Materialy 60, 8, 909 (2024) (in Russian)
- L.J. Van der Pauw. Phil. Res. Rep. 13, 1, 1 (1958)
- A.V. Pashkevich, A.K. Fedotov, Yu.V. Kasyuk, L.A. Bliznyuk, Yu.A. Fedotova, N.A. Basov, A.S. Fedotov, I.A. Svito, E.N. Poddenezhny. Izv. vys. uch. zav. Mat. el. tekhn. 21, 3, 133 (2018) (in Russian)
- Y. Guo, X.W. Yu, Y.X. Li. J. Appl. Phys. 98, 053902 (2005)
- V.V. Kaminskij, L.N. Vasil'ev, M.V. Romanova, S.M. Solov'ev. FTT 43, 6, 997 (2001) (in Russian)
- S.V. Vegesna, V.J. Bhat, D. Burger, J. Dellith, I. Skorupa, O.G. Schmidt, H. Schmidt. Sci. Rep. 10, 6698 (2020)
- W.S. Baer. Phys. Rev. 154, 785 (1967)
- N. Mott, E. Davis. Elektronnye protsessy v nekristallicheskikh veshchestvakh. Mir, M. (1982). T. 1. p. 473 (in Russian).