Optical properties of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal films as basic elements of imitation measures for calibration of photoplethysmographic devices
Lapitan D. G.
1, Tarasov A. P.
1, Kapustin L. S.
1, Rogatkin D. A.
11Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute ("MONIKI"), Moscow, Russia
Email: lapitandenis@mail.ru, tarandrew17@gmail.com, kapustin@medphyslab.com, rogatkin@medphyslab.com
An experimental setup was assembled and the optical properties of two polymer-dispersed liquid crystal films were studied. Transmission spectra of the films were constructed in the UV, visible and near-infrared ranges. Electro-optical curves (transmittance versus applied voltage) were calculated for wavelengths of 515 and 632 nm. Using the two-stream Kubelka-Munk model, the electro-optical curves were then converted into the scattering coefficient of films. At a wavelength of 515 nm, the scattering coefficient of the first film varies in the range of 45-5 cm-1, while the scattering coefficient of the second film varies in the range of 38-21 cm-1 with the applied voltage changing from 0 to 60 V. It was shown that both films can simulate the modulation depth of the photoplethysmographic signal (AC/DC ratio) within the physiological range and, thus, are suitable for use in the developed working simulation measures. Keywords: polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film, optical properties, transmittance, scattering coefficient, working simulation measure, photoplethysmography.
- L. Hacker, H. Wabnitz, A. Pifferi, S. Di Nardo, A. Farina, M. Pagliazzi, R. Reif, D. Roblyer, I. Schelkanova, Y. Zhao, R.A. Simon, A. Cerussi, B.J. Tromberg. Nat. Biomed. Eng., 6, 541 (2022). DOI: 10.1038/s41551-022-00890-6
- D.A. Rogatkin, A.V.Dunaev, L.G.Lapaeva. Meditsinskaya tekhnika, 2 (260), 30 (2010).(in Russian)
- D.A. Rogatkin. Meditsinskaya fizika, 4, 75 (2017). (in Russian)
- V. Rajan, B. Varghese, T.G. van Leeuwen, W. Steenbergen. Lasers Med. Sci., 24, 269 (2009). DOI: 10.1007/s10103-007-0524-0
- A.V. Bykov, A.P. Popov, A.V. Priezzhev, R. Myllyla. In: Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Techniques V, ed. by R. Leitgeb, B. Bouma. Proc. SPIE, 8091, 80911R (2011). DOI: 10.1117/12.889417
- L. Spinelli, M. Botwicz, N. Zolek, M. Kacprzak, A. Durin, P. Sawosz, R. Maniewski, A. Liebert. Biomed. Opt. Express, 5 (7), 2037 (2014). DOI: 10.1364/BOE.5.002037
- V.N. Du Le, S. Fronckowiak, E. Badolato. Sensors, 25 (7), 2311 (2025). DOI: 10.3390/s25072311
- W.C. Vogt, X. Zhou, R. Andriani, M. Alqassim, P.A. Gourley, P.L. Leu, D.A. Low, H. El-Haddad, Y. Zou, B. Chen, B.A. Moffitt. Biomed. Opt. Express, 10(2), 449 (2019). DOI: 10.1364/BOE.10.000449
- A. Friedman. In: Mathematics in Industrial Problems, ed. by A. Friedman. IMA Vol. Math. Appl., 31 (Springer, NY., 1990), p. 89-94. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-9098-5_7
- V.V.Belyaev, V.N.Avdeenkov. Elektronika: Nauka, tekhnologiys, biznes, 7, 80 (2023). (in Russian) DOI: 10.22184/1992-4178.2023.228.7.80.90
- D.A.Rogatkin, D.G.Lapitan. Patent RF N 2777514. Ustroistvo dlya metrologitcheskogo kontrolya sostoyaniya priborov opticheskoi floumetrii. Zayavka N 2021131510 dated 27.10.2021; opubl. 05.08.2022. (in Russian)
- D.G.Lapitan, D.A.Rogatkin, L.S.Kapustin. Vestnik MGTU im. N.E. Baumana. Ser. Priborostroenie, 3 (152), 27 (2025). (in Russian)
- J. Allen. Physiol. Meas., 28, R1 (2007). DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/28/3/R01
- N. Huber, J. Heitz, D. Bauerle. The European Physical Journal-Applied Physics, 25 (1), 33 (2004). DOI: 10.1051/epjap:2003083
- E. Salomatina, B. Jiang, J. Novak, A.N. Yaroslavsky. J. Biomedical Optics, 11 (6), 064026 (2006). DOI: 10.1117/1.2398928
- S.A. Prahl, M.J. van Gemert, A.J. Welch. Appl. Opt., 32 (4), 559 (1993). DOI: 10.1364/AO.32.000559
- I.V. Yaroslavsky, A.N. Yaroslavsky, T. Goldbach, H.J. Schwarzmaier. Appl. Opt., 35, 6797 (1996). DOI: 10.1364/AO.35.006797
- R.R. Anderson, J.A. Parrish. J. investigative dermatology, 77 (1), 13 (1981). DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12479191
- I.A. Raznitsyna, A.P. Tarasov, D.A. Rogatkin. Instrum. Exp. Tech., 63, 267 (2020). DOI: 10.1134/S0020441220020049
- A.Isimaru. Rasprostranenie i rasseyanie voln v sluchaino-neodnorodnykh sredakh, t. 1 (Mir, M., 1981), 280 s. (in Russian)
- S.T. Wu, K.C. Lim. Appl. Opt., 26 (9), 1722 (1987). DOI: 10.1364/AO.26.001722
- S. Persheyev, D. Rogatkin. Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Ser. Natural Sciences, 5, 78 (2017). DOI: 10.18698/1812-3368-2017-5-78-94
- D.A. Rogatkin. Meditsinskaya tekhnika, 2, 10 (2007). (in Russian)
- D.G. Lapitan, A.P. Tarasov. In: Proc. of the 2019 IEEE 8th Int. Conf. on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers (CAOL) (IEEE, Sozopol, Bulgaria, 2019), p. 103-106. DOI: 10.1109/CAOL46282.2019.9019552
- E.P. Pozhidaev, A.V. Kaznacheev, S.I. Torgova, V.V. Kesaev, V.A. Barbashov. Opt. Mater. Express, 10 (12), 3030-3040 (2020). DOI: 10.1364/OME.410163
- D.G. Lapitan, A.P. Tarasov, D.A. Rogatkin. J. Biomed. Photonics Eng., 8 (3), 030306 (2022). DOI: 10.18287/JBPE22.08.030306
- D.G. Lapitan, A.P. Tarasov, M.E. Shtyflyuk, D.A. Rogatkin. Photonics, 11 (7), 637 (2024). DOI: 10.3390/photonics11070637
- E.F. Pribadi, R.K. Pandey, P.C.P. Chao. Microsystem Technologies, 26, 3409 (2020). DOI: 10.1007/s00542-020-04895-6